Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is an essential branch of engineering science focused on the surveillance of structural behavior. SHM is implemented to detect, locate, qualify, quantify, and prevent various types of material damage. As the nation’s infrastructure ages and air and space vehicles grow ever more complex, SHM systems and algorithms must be increasingly comprehensive, robust, and reliable. Distributed strain sensing (FOS) systems, based on coherent Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR), are poised to dramatically improve upon current SHM technologies through unparalleled measurement capabilities and exclusive two-dimensional (2D) deflection sensing algorithms.